General Science Chemistry MCQs Question India

Q 1.What is Rose metal?

A. It is an alloy of Nickel, Tin and Zinc
B. It is an alloy of Bismuth, Copper and Palladium
C. It is an alloy of Bismuth, Tin and Lead
D. It is an alloy of Palladium, Tin and Lead

Show Answer Answer:-C. It is an alloy of Bismuth, Tin and Lead
Explanation Rose metal is an alloy of Bismuth, Tin and Lead. It’s a fusible alloy with low melting point commonly used for soldering.

Q 2.Which of these ores is not an oxide?

A. Cuprite
B. Haematite
C. Sphalerite
D. Magnetite

Show Answer Answer:-C. Sphalerite
Explanation Sphalerite (ZnS) is a sulphide. All others are oxides. Haematite and Magnetite are the oxides of iron and Cuprite is an oxide of Copper.

Q 3.Which of the following refining methods works on the principle that impurities are more soluble in the melt than in the solid state of the metal?

A. Liquation
B. Electrolytic refining
C. Vapour Phase refining
D. Zone refining

Show Answer Answer:-D. Zone refining
Explanation Zone refining works on the principle that impurities are more soluble in the melt than in the solid state of the metal. This method is very useful for producing semiconductors.

Q 4.What is the multiplication factor when the nuclear reactor is said to be critical?

A. 0
B. 1
C. 2
D. 10

Show Answer Answer:-B. 1
Explanation The multiplication factor is the measure of the growth rate of the neutrons in the reactor. For K = 1, the operation of the reactor is said to be critical.

Q 5.Which of the following equation represents combination of Hydrogen gas with nitrogen to form ammonia?

A. 2H2 + N –> NH3
B. 3H2 + N2 –> 2NH3
C. 2H + N3 –> NH3
D. None of the above

Show Answer Answer:-B. 3H2 + N2 –> 2NH3
Explanation 3H2 + N2 –> 2NH3 is the balance equation which represents combination of Hydrogen gas with nitrogen to form ammonia.

Q 6.What of these is the chemical formula of Rust?

A. FeO. nH2O
B. Fe2Cl3. nH2O
C. FeCO2. nH2O
D. Fe2O3. nH2O

Show Answer Answer:-D. Fe2O3. nH2O
Explanation Rusting is the corrosion of Iron in which iron (Fe) combines with oxygen to form rust, or iron oxide. Fe2O3. nH2O is usually called as hydrated ferric Oxide.

Q 7.What is the change in the rate constant for a chemical reaction when temperature rises by 10° C?

A. The rate constant is constant
B. The rate constant is nearly halved
C. The rate constant is nearly doubled
D. The rate constant becomes four times

Show Answer Answer:-C. The rate constant is nearly doubled
Explanation For a chemical reaction with rise in temperature by 10°, the rate constant is nearly doubled. Most of the chemical reactions are accelerated by increase in temperature.

Q 8.Which of the following group of elements contain the noble gases?

A. s-block
B. p-block
C. d-block
D. f-block

Show Answer Answer:-B. p-block
Explanation The p-Block Elements comprise those belonging to Group 13 to 18 and these together with the s-Block Elements are called the Representative Elements or Main Group Elements. The 18th group i.e. the last group of the p-block elements is the noble gases group.

Q 9.Which of the following molecules have a T-shape arrangement?

A. Ozone
B. Chlorine Trifluoride
C. Water
D. Sulphur dioxide

Show Answer Answer:-B. Chlorine Trifluoride
Explanation Chlorine trifluoride has 10 electrons around the central chlorine atom. There are five electron pairs arranged in a trigonal bipyramidal shape and two equatorial lone pairs making the final structure T-shaped.

Q 10.Which of the following acids is used in the Lead storage battery?

A. Hydrochloric Acid
B. Sulphuric Acid
C. Nitric Acid
D. Phosphoric Acid

Show Answer Answer:-B. Sulphuric Acid
Explanation Lead storage battery is an example of secondary battery. It consists of a lead anode and a grid of lead packed with lead dioxide (PbO2 ) as cathode. A 38% solution of sulphuric acid is used as an electrolyte.

Q 11.Charles Goodyear is known for which of the following ?

A. Experiments on Rubber Plants
B. Invention of Radial Tyres
C. Vulcanization of Rubber
D. Invention of Artificial Rubber

Show Answer Answer:-C. Vulcanization of Rubber
Explanation Charles Goodyear, American inventor of the vulcanization process that made possible the commercial use of rubber. The Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company was posthumously named after him.

Q 12.Which of the following chemicals is Responsible for temporary acid rain in colder regions?

A. Nitrogen oxides
B. Sulphur dioxide
C. Nitric acid
D. Hydrogen chloride

Show Answer Answer:-D. Hydrogen chloride
Explanation Hydrogen chloride gas released from volcanic eruption is responsible for temporary acid rain in colder regions.

Q 13.Which of the following chemicals is used as a molecular sieve to filter common salts from seawater to produce potable water?

A. Phosgene
B. Graphene oxide
C. Sodium hypochlorite
D. Calcium carbonate

Show Answer Answer:-B. Graphene oxide
Explanation Graphene oxide is used as a molecular sieve to filter common salts from seawater to produce potable water.

Q 14.Which of the following states of matter has the weakest Intermolecular forces?

A. Solids
B. Gases
C. Liquids
D. It is same in solids, liquids and gases

Show Answer Answer:-B. Gases
Explanation The three states of matter varies from each other due to the following factors. (1) The different magnitudes of the interatomic and intermolecular forces. (2) The extent of random thermal motion of atoms and molecules of a substance (which depends upon temperature). The Intermolecular force is strongest in solids and weakest in gases.

Q 15.What is the property of matter by which a body tends to regain its original configuration after the removal of deforming force known as?

A. Plasticity
B. Elasticity
C. Ductility
D. Malleability

Show Answer Answer:-B. Elasticity
Explanation The property of matter because of which a body tends to regain its original shape and size after the deforming force is removed is called its elasticity. Plasticity: It is that property of matter by virtue of which it does not regain its original shape and size after the removal of deforming force.

Q 16.What is the atomic number of Barium?

A. 54
B. 56
C. 58
D. 60

Show Answer Answer:-B. 56
Explanation The atomic number of barium is 56.

Q 17.Which of the following statements is correct about compounds of Nitrogen?

A. Nitrous oxide is also known as laughing gas
B. The chemical formula of Nitric oxide is NO
C. Nitrogen Dioxide is a gas that is brown in colour
D. All of the above

Show Answer Answer:-D. All of the above
Explanation All the statements are correct. Nitrous oxide or Dinitrogen oxide is also known as laughing gas. The chemical formula of Nitric oxide is NO. Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) is a gas that is brown in color.

Q 18.Which of the following compound is prepared using Ostwald’s process?

A. Potassium permanganate
B. Hydrochloric acid
C. Nitric acid
D. None

Show Answer Answer:-C. Nitric acid
Explanation On a large scale Nitric acid is prepared mainly by Ostwald’s process. Its chemical formula is HNO3.

Q 19.Choose the incorrect pair?

A. Washing soda – Sodium Carbonate
B. Caustic soda – Sodium Hydrogen carbonate
C. Acetic acid – Ethanoic acid
D. Bleaching powder – Calcium oxide

Show Answer Answer:-D. Bleaching powder – Calcium oxide
Explanation Sodium carbonate is commonly known as Washing soda. Sodium Hydrogencarbonate is commonly known as Caustic soda. Ethanoic acid is commonly known as Acetic acid. calcium oxychloride is commonly known Bleaching powder.

Q 20.Which of the following metal is alloyed with pure gold to make gold ornaments?

A. Silver
B. Copper
C. Zinc
D. All of the above

Show Answer Answer:-D. All of the above
Explanation 24 carat gold is considered to be the purest form of gold but it is too soft to be made into jewellery. It is alloyed with metals like zinc, cadmium, silver or copper to make it hard.

Q 21.Which among the following is the common ore of aluminium?

A. Cryolite
B. Chromite
C. Bauxite
D. Monazite

Show Answer Answer:-C. Bauxite
Explanation Bauxite ore is the main source of aluminum. It contains the aluminum minerals gibbsite, boehmite, and diaspore.

Q 22.Which of the following is the cause behind Trade winds are caused?

A. Revolution of the earth
B. In flowing movement of air along the earth’s surface towards the equator
C. Rotation of the earth
D. None of the above

Show Answer Answer:-B. In flowing movement of air along the earth’s surface towards the equator
Explanation Trade winds are caused by hot air rising at the Equator and the consequent movement of air from north and south to take its place. The winds are deflected towards the west because of the Earth’s west-to-east rotation. Trade winds blows towards the Equator from the northeast and southeast.

Q 23.Which of the following is the name given to the elements having atomic number higher than ‘92’ in the periodic table?

A. Transitional elements
B. Rare earth elements
C. Alkaline earth metals
D. Transuranic elements

Show Answer Answer:-D. Transuranic elements
Explanation The transuranium elements (also known as transuranic elements) are the chemical elements with atomic numbers greater than 92, which is the atomic number of uranium. All of these elements are unstable and decay radioactively into other elements.

Q 24.Who recognized and named Oxygen?

A. Henry Cavendish
B. Antoine Lavoisier
C. Alessandro Volta
D. Louis Claude Cadet de Gassicourt

Show Answer Answer:-B. Antoine Lavoisier
Explanation In 1778, Antoine Lavoisier, considered “The father of modern chemistry”, recognized and named oxygen, and recognized its importance and role in combustion. Antoine Lavoisier discovered the relationship between oxygen and metal that leads to rust. He also proved the role of oxygen in respiration and discovered the chemical composition of water and air. Henry Cavendish discovered hydrogen in 1766 as a colorless, odorless gas that burns and can form an explosive mixture with air.

Q 25.Which element helped James Chadwick to discover Neutron?

A. Lithium
B. Carbon
C. Boron
D. Beryllium

Show Answer Answer:-D. Beryllium
Explanation Neutrons were discovered by James Chadwick by an experiment involving the bombardment of beryllium nucleus with α-particles.

Q 26.Which two elements are combined to form candles?

A. Bees Wax and Stearic Acid
B. Paraffin Wax and Stearic Acid
C. Higher Fat Acids and Stearic Acid
D. Bees Wax and Paraffin Wax

Show Answer Answer:-B. Paraffin Wax and Stearic Acid
Explanation In the mid-1850s, James Young succeeded in distilling paraffin wax from coal and oil shales at Bathgate in West Lothian and developed a commercially viable method of production. The Paraffin wax was processed by distilling residue left after crude petroleum was refined. Paraffin could be used to make inexpensive candles of high quality. It was a bluish-white wax, burned cleanly, and left no unpleasant odour, unlike tallow candles. A drawback to the substance was that early coal- and petroleum-derived paraffin waxes had a very low melting point. The introduction of stearin, discovered by Michel Eugène Chevreul, solved this problem. Stearin is hard and durable, with a convenient melting range of 54–72.5 °C (129.2–162.5 °F). By the end of the 19th century, most candles being manufactured consisted of paraffin and stearic acid.

Q 27.Which element is most electronegative among Arsenic, Nitrogen and Phosphorus?

A. Arsenic
B. Phosphorus
C. Nitrogen
D. All these elements have equal electronegativity

Show Answer Answer:-C. Nitrogen
Explanation Electronegativity is a measure of the ability of an atom to attract the electrons when the atom is part of a compound. Since metals have few valence electrons, they tend to increase their stability by losing electrons to become cations. Consequently, the electronegativities of metals are generally low. Electronegativity of following elements is:

Nitrogen: 3.04

Phosphorous: 2.19

Arsenic: 2.18

Q 28.What is the major electricity generation power source in India?

A. Nuclear
B. Gas
C. Coal
D. Hydro

Show Answer Answer:-C. Coal
Explanation Thermal power based on coal accounts for nearly 59% of power generation in India. Hydroelectricity contributes 17%, Natural Gas: 9%, Renewable Energy Resources: 12%, Nuclear Power: 2%, etc. India’s electricity sector consumes about 72% of the coal produced in the country.

Q 29.Quartz is made of:

A. Calcium Sulphate
B. Sodium Silicate
C. Sodium Sulphate
D. Calcium Silicate

Show Answer Answer:-B. Sodium Silicate
Explanation Quartz is an abundant mineral in the Earth’s continental crust. It is made up of a continuous framework of SiO4, silicon-oxygen tetrahedra, with each oxygen being shared between two tetrahedra, giving an overall formula SiO2. There are many different varieties of quartz, several of which are semi-precious gemstones. Most quartz used in microelectronics is produced synthetically. The process involves treating crushed natural quartz with hot aqueous solution of a base such as sodium hydroxide forming sodium silicate.

Q 30.Stainless steel is an alloy of:

A. chromium and carbon
B. carbon and iron
C. chromium and iron
D. chromium, carbon and iron

Show Answer Answer:-D. chromium, carbon and iron
Explanation Stainless steel is defined as a steel alloy with a minimum of 10.5% to 11% chromium content by mass. Stainless steel differs from carbon steel by the amount of chromium present. Unprotected carbon steel rusts readily when exposed to air and moisture. Stainless steels contain sufficient chromium to form a passive film of chromium oxide, which prevents further surface corrosion and blocks corrosion from spreading into the metal’s internal structure.

Q 31.Which among the following acid is also known as ‘Muriatic Acid’?

A. Carbonic Acid
B. Sulphuric Acid
C. Hydrochloric Acid
D. Nitric Acid

Show Answer Answer:-C. Hydrochloric Acid
Explanation Muriatic acid is one of the names for hydrochloric acid (HCl), a corrosive strong acid. It was historically known as acidum salis, muriatic acid, and spirits of salt because it was produced from rock salt and green vitriol (by Basilius Valentinus in the 15th century) and later from the chemically similar common salt and sulfuric acid.

Q 32.What is the chemical name of quick lime?

A. Calcium carbonate
B. Sodium hydroxide
C. Calcium oxide
D. Calcium sulphate

Show Answer Answer:-C. Calcium oxide
Explanation

Calcium oxide (CaO) is commonly known as quicklime. The raw material used for the manufacture of quicklime is calcium carbonate (CaCO3). Lime is manufactured by heating the calcium carbonate to a temperature of 1273K in a lime kiln.

CaCO3 (Lime stone) —> CaO (Lime) + CO2 (Carbon dioxide)

Q 33.Soldering of two metals is possible because of the property of:

A. Viscosity
B. Osmosis
C. Surface tension
D. Cohesion

Show Answer Answer:-D. Cohesion
Explanation Soldering is the process of joining two metals by the use of a solder alloy, and it is one of the oldest known joining techniques. It is possible because of the property of cohesion, the interaction between adjacent parts of the same body and as acting throughout the interior of substance. Soldering leads to alloy formation at the layer between two metals.

Q 34.Glycol is added to aviation gasoline because it:

A. reduces evaporation of petrol
B. increases efficiency of petrol
C. prevents freezing of petrol
D. reduces consumption of petrol

Show Answer Answer:-C. prevents freezing of petrol
Explanation Ethylene glycol (IUPAC name: ethane-1,2-diol) is an organic compound widely used as an automotive antifreeze and a precursor to polymers. In its pure form, it is an odorless, colourless, syrupy, sweet-tasting liquid. Due to its low freezing point ethylene glycol resists freezing. A mixture of 60% ethylene glycol and 40% water freezes at -45 degree C (-49 degree F).

Q 35.In its reaction with silver nitrate, C2H2 shows:

A. Oxidising property
B. Reducing property
C. Acidic property
D. Basic property

Show Answer Answer:-C. Acidic property
Explanation When treated with ammoniacal silver nitrate solution alkynes form white precipitate of silver acetylides.

Q 36.Vulcanized rubber contains sulphur:

A. 2%
B. 3-5%
C. 7-9%
D. 10-15%

Show Answer Answer:-B. 3-5%
Explanation A vulcanized flexible tyre rubber contains about 3–5% of sulphur whereas hard rubber (ebonite) contains about 32% of sulphur. The stiffness of vulcanized rubber depends on the amount of sulphur added.

Q 37.Who is the only scientist in the world to have won the Nobel prize in Chemistry twice?

A. Linus Carl Pauling
B. Roger D. Kornberg
C. Frederick Sanger
D. Madame Curie

Show Answer Answer:-C. Frederick Sanger
Explanation

Sanger is the only person to have been awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry twice. (a) He is one of only four two-time Nobel laureates. (b) The other three were

Marie Curie (Physics, 1903 and Chemistry, 1911)

Linus Pauling (Chemistry, 1954 and Peace, 1962)

John Bardeen (twice Physics, 1956 and 1972).

Q 38.Which of the following is the first man-made plastic that is bad conductor of heat?

A. Teflon
B. Bakelite
C. Polythene
D. Nylon

Show Answer Answer:-B. Bakelite
Explanation The first man-made plastic was created by British chemist Alexander Pakes in 1856. His plastic Parkesine was created using nitrocellulose. In 1907, Leo Baekeland developed the first completely synthetic plastic, known as Bakelite. Bakelite is a poor conductor of heat and electricity. It is used for making electrical switches, handles of various utensils, etc.

Q 39.Which of the following is natural fibre?

A. Rayon
B. Silk
C. Nylon
D. Polyester

Show Answer Answer:-B. Silk
Explanation Silk is a natural protein fiber, some forms of which can be woven into textiles. The protein fiber of silk is composed mainly of fibroin and is produced by certain insect larvae to form cocoons. The best-known silk is obtained from the cocoons of the larvae of the mulberry silkworm Bombyx mori reared in captivity (sericulture).

Q 40.Methane is a colourless, odourless, non-toxic but flammable gas. What is its common name?

A. Marsh gas
B. Laughing gas
C. Heating gas
D. Blue vitriol

Show Answer Answer:-A. Marsh gas
Explanation The common name of methane CH4 is Marsh gas, especially as generated by decaying matter in marshes.

1. Marsh gas has no color or odor.

2 .It is lighter than air and has a specific gravity of 0.554.

3. It is only slightly soluble in water but is more soluble in ethyl alcohol and ethyl ether.

4. It is generally very stable.

5. It burns readily in air and produces carbon dioxide and water vapor.

Q 41.Which one amongst the following is not a Green House gas?

A. Nitrogen
B. Carbon dioxide
C. Carbon Monoxide
D. Chloro fluorocarbons

Show Answer Answer:-A. Nitrogen
Explanation A greenhouse gas (sometimes abbreviated GHG) is a gas in an atmosphere that absorbs and emits radiation within the thermal infrared range. The primary greenhouse gases in the Earth’s atmosphere are water vapour, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and ozone. Nitrous oxide (N2O) gas should not be confused with nitric oxide (NO) or nitrogen dioxide (NO2). Neither nitric oxide nor nitrogen dioxide is greenhouse gases, although they are important in the process of creation of tropospheric ozone which is a greenhouse gas.  There are several sources of nitrous oxide, both natural and anthropogenic (human), to the atmosphere with many of these sources difficult to measure. Because of this, there is general agreement that the atmospheric sources and sinks of nitrous oxide are difficult to bring into balance.

Q 42.Which gas is used to manufacture Vanaspati from vegetable oil?

A. Carbon dioxide
B. Nitrogen
C. Oxygen
D. Hydrogen

Show Answer Answer:-D. Hydrogen
Explanation Vanaspati is generally used as the alternative to ghee due to its cheap price, Vanaspati is vegetable cooking oil, fully or partially hydrogenated. The vanaspati is either used for cooking food or as the raw compound in soap making. Hydrogenation tends to increase the melting point of the vegetable oils (that have very low melting points) to about 36 degree Celsius that is near about human body temperature. Hence, the hydrogenated oils that normally remain in solid-state get liquefied at human body temperature. All these properties maximize the shelf life of the hydrogenated oils and thus, these are widely used in varied food items like snacks, bakery products, sweets, etc. Basically, all oils have both unsaturated as well as saturated fatty acids. By adding hydrogen, unsaturated fats get converted to saturated fats, decreasing the overall iodine value. Finally, the hydrogenated oil gets solidified at a lower temperature. The entire process of hydrogenation is carried out in batch vessels under pressure, in which, oil to be hydrogenated is heated. The entire hydrogenation process is done in the presence of a nickel catalyst. Post hydrogenation, the catalyst is recovered for re-use through the filtration of hydrogenated oil in plate and frame filter presses. The hydrogenation process ensures no loss of oil, as the hydrogen added makes up the oil loss that goes with the catalyst.

Q 43.When a metal is heated in a flame, the electrons absorb energy and jump to higher energy state. On coming back to the lower energy siate, they emit light, which we can observe in:

A. Raman spectra
B. Absorption spectra
C. Fluorescence
D. Emission spectra

Show Answer Answer:-D. Emission spectra
Explanation When a metal atom is strongly heated, its electrons absorb the heat energy and jump to a higher energy level. When the electron returns to its original position, it gives off the energy it had absorbed in the form of light. The result of all these jumps is to produce what is called an emission spectrum. It appears as a set of coloured lines that correspond to the energy the electron released at each stage of its fall back to its original state.

Q 44.Atoms having the same number of protons but different number of neutrons are called:

A. Cations
B. Isotopes
C. Higgs-boson
D. Anions

Show Answer Answer:-B. Isotopes
Explanation Atoms that have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons are called isotopes. Therefore, they have same atomic number while differ in mass number. Such as in C-12 and C-14.

Q 45.The subatomic particle that does not have any electric charge is a/an _____:

A. Electron
B. Neutron
C. Proton
D. All of the above

Show Answer Answer:-B. Neutron
Explanation Atoms, the fundamental building blocks of all molecules, consist of three types of particles: protons, neutrons, and electrons. Of these three subatomic particle types, two (protons and electrons) carry a net electric charge, while neutrons are neutral and have no net charge.

Q 46.What is the major electricity generation power source in India?

A. Nuclear
B. Gas
C. Coal
D. Hydro

Show Answer Answer:-C. Coal
Explanation Thermal power based on coal accounts for nearly 59% of power generation in India. Hydroelectricity contributes 17%, Natural Gas: 9%, Renewable Energy Resources: 12%, Nuclear Power: 2%, etc. India’s electricity sector consumes about 72% of the coal produced in the country.

Q 47.Which one of the following forms of phosphorus is most reactive?

A. Black phosphorus
B. White phosphorus
C. Violet phosphorus
D. Red phosphorus

Show Answer Answer:-B. White phosphorus
Explanation White phosphorus is the most reactive form of phosphorus. It is made up of discrete P4 tetrahedra which are subjected to very high angular strain as the angles is 60 degrees. This high angular strain makes white phosphorus unstable and highly reactive. It ignites spontaneously at about 50°C, and at much lower temperatures if finely divided. Therefore, it is stored in cold water in brown coloured bottles.

Q 48.In an acid base reaction which product is produced along with a salt?

A. Hydrogen gas
B. Water
C. Carbon dioxide
D. Oxygen gas

Show Answer Answer:-B. Water
Explanation When an acid and a base are placed together, they react to neutralize the acid and base properties, producing a salt. The H(+) cation of the acid combines with the OH(-) anion of the base to form water. The compound formed by the cation of the base and the anion of the acid is called a salt. For example, the combination of hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide produces common table salt, NaCl.

Q 49 .Which is obtained by evaporation of sea?

A. Sugar
B. Iron
C. Steel
D. Salt

Show Answer Answer:-D. Salt
Explanation Salt is produced from the evaporation of seawater. Sea water contains a large amount of common salt and the salts of other metals dissolved in it. Near the seashore, the sea water is collected in shallow pits and allowed to evaporate in sunshine. In a few days, the water evaporates, leaving behind salt.

Q 50. .Fire extinguishers emit which gas?

A. Carbon dioxide
B. Chlorine
C. Carbon monoxide
D. Nitrogen

Show Answer Answer:-A. Carbon dioxide
Explanation Generally, fire extinguishers use compressed non-flammable carbon dioxide gas that extinguishes work by displacing oxygen, or taking away the oxygen element of the fire triangle. CO2 extinguishers are suitable for electrical hazard and fires involving flammable liquids like petrol, diesel and oils. They are ideal for industrial and office environments.

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